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      'Passionate Suffering' - Paintings by Brazilian artist Monica Grohmann
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Stephen F. Eisenman. The Abu Ghraib Effect (London, 2007)
      
      The term 
Pathosformel 'pathos formula' originated in the work of cultural 	historian Aby Warburg (1866-1929). Eisenman transforms it into 'passionate 	suffering' to describe the long tradition in Western art, stretching back through 	the Renaissance to Hellenistic Greece, whereby violent and sexual motifs show 	victims taking pleasure in their own chastisement and pain.